← Pronunciation

🅾️ The letter О: stressed or not?

дом · молоко · хорошо · окно

Русская буква О читается как [о] только под ударением. Без ударения она звучит как [а] или как очень короткий, неясный звук. Это называется «аканье».

The Russian letter О sounds like [o] only when it is stressed. Unstressed, it turns into [a] (just before the stress) or a very short, blurred vowel. Learning this is the single biggest step towards sounding natural.

X = [о]like 'o' in 'more' (short)

Under stress the О is a full, round [о].

  • дом(house)
  • стол(table)
  • кот(cat)
  • он(he)
X = [а]like 'a' in 'father' (short)

In the syllable right before the stress, О is pronounced [а].

  • Москва(ma-SKVA)
  • окно(a-KNO)
  • вода(va-DA)
  • она(a-NA)
X = [ə]a very short, blurred 'uh'

Two or more syllables before the stress, or after it, О becomes a barely-there [ə].

  • молоко(mə-la-KO)
  • хорошо(hə-ra-SHO)
  • спасибо(spa-SI-bə)
  • много(MNO-gə)

💡 Why it matters

Spelling keeps the О, but the ear hears [а]. If you say every О as [о] you will sound like a robot; if you hear [а] and write А you will misspell. Train both directions.

  • хорошо → хараШО
  • молоко → малаКО

💡 Stress is not marked

Russian texts do not mark the stress. The course marks it in the verb tables and reads every text aloud so you can copy it.

  • гóрод
  • городá

⚠️ Some speakers (especially in the north) pronounce every О as [о] — it is understood everywhere, but the Moscow norm reduces it.

🎯 Testa-te: como soa o X?

Primeiro responde, depois confirma com o 🔊. Ganhas ⭐ por cada resposta certa!

  1. дом
  2. окно (the first о)
  3. хорошо (the first о)
  4. стол
  5. она
  6. спасибо (the last о)

Fonte: Standard Russian pronunciation (Moscow norm)